Outpatient Submit with Specimen

Collect

Specimen Type Type of Container Volume of Specimen Status
Whole blood 4 mL Purple tube (EDTA) 2 mL-4 mL Preferred
Whole blood Microtainer Purple tube (EDTA) 2 mL-4 mL Alternate
Buccal swab  Buccal swab kit 4 swabs Alternate

Container Image

Outpatient Specimen Preparation

Whole blood: Do not freeze
                      Do not centrifuge
                      Keep at room temperature or refrigerate

Buccal swab: Keep at room temperature

 

Unacceptable Conditions

Clotted specimen, Wrong collection tube, Frozen specimen, Centrifuged specimen

Stability

Whole blood: Room temperature 24 hours
Whole blood: Refrigerated 72 hours

Buccal swab: Room temperature 7 days

Remarks

One EDTA blood tube containing a minimum 1mL whole blood can be used to perform all molecular genetic tests for Krabbe disease; no need to draw additional EDTA tube for each molecular genetic test. For infants under 4 weeks of age, blood sample from heel- or finger-stick collected in EDTA micro sample tube / microtainer is accepted (a minimum 1mL required). Alternatively, buccal swabs can be accepted for testing. If sending a sample to arrive Friday or Saturday, please call the molecular genetics laboratory at 614-722-5321 to inform.

If you are an external healthcare provider with no access to Nationwide Children’s Epic system, submission of a completed Genetic Test Requisition Form is required. If you are an internal ordering provider with access to Nationwide Children’s Epic system, no requisition form is required; please place the lab order electronically in Epic. Please send available clinical information with the Requisition Form.

 

Clinical Information

This test sequences the entire coding regions of the GALC gene by Sanger sequencing method. This test will be performed as a STAT testing, with expected result turnaround time of 7 days or less. For evaluation of newborns with positive newborn screening for Krabbe disease, it is recommended to concurrently order the GALC common 30-kb deletion detection analysis by PCR (test code: KDGALCCD) along with this test.

Krabbe disease is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder resulting from deficiency of the galactocerebrosidase enzyme encoded by the GALC gene. In almost all patients, deficient galactocerebrosidase enzyme activity (0-5% of normal activity) is seen. About 85-90% of patients with Krabbe disease have infantile-onset form, while the remaining 10-15% of patients has later-onset form of the disease. Infantile-onset (classic) form is characterized by presentation within the first 6 months of life with extreme irritability, spasticity, and developmental delay, and it causes progressive motor and neurologic deterioration and death before age two years. Later onset (late-infantile, juvenile, or adult-onset) forms have less severe disease severity and slower progression. The most common pathogenic variant in the GALC gene seen in patients with Krabbe disease is the 30-kb deletion involving exons 11 through 17, which accounts for about 45% of the pathogenic alleles in European ancestry population and about 35% of the pathogenic alleles in Mexican ancestry population. The majority of remaining pathogenic alleles in the GALC gene are smaller sequence variants detectable by GALC gene sequencing. About 55-65% of patients with Krabbe disease have a pathogenic variant detectable by GALC gene sequencing. 

If results are negative or only one pathogenic variant is detected by GALC 30-kb deletion detection and GALC gene sequencing analyses, then reflex to GALC comprehensive deletion/duplication analysis by MLPA (test code: KDGALCDD) and PSAP gene sequencing (test code: KDPSAPSEQ) can be requested. Rare deletion/duplication in the GALC gene that cannot be detected by the GALC common deletion detection or the GALC gene sequencing analyses have been reported in several patients with Krabbe disease, and pathogenic sequencing variant in both alleles of the PSAP gene has also been reported in a rare case of Krabbe disease. If reflex to GALC comprehensive deletion/duplication analysis by MLPA and/or PSAP gene sequencing are desired, please contact the laboratory or indicate this on the lab order.

Days Performed

Daily

Set Up Schedule

8:00-17:00

Typical Turnaround

1 week

Lab Area

Institute for Genomic Medicine

Methodology

Sanger sequencing, Analysis of the entire coding region: Sequence analysis, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA extraction

CPT Codes

81406

Synonyms

  • GALC deficiency, Galactocerebrosidase deficiency, Galactosylceramidase deficiency, Globoid cell leukodystrophy, GALC Sanger sequencing, GALC sequence analysis, GALC full gene sequencing, Krabbe disease, IGM Test

Collect

Specimen Type Type of Container Volume of Specimen Status
Whole blood 4 mL Purple tube (EDTA) 2 mL-4 mL Preferred
Whole blood Microtainer Purple tube (EDTA) 2 mL-4 mL Alternate
Buccal swab  Buccal swab kit 4 swabs Alternate

Minimum Volume

Specimen Type Type of Container Minimum Volume
Whole blood 4 mL Purple tube (EDTA) 1 mL
Whole blood Microtainer Purple tube (EDTA) 1 mL
Buccal swab  Buccal swab kit 2 swabs

Container Image

Inpatient Specimen Preparation

Whole blood: Do not freeze
                      Do not centrifuge
                      Keep at room temperature or refrigerate

Buccal swab: Keep at room temperature

Unacceptable Conditions

Clotted specimen, Wrong collection tube, Frozen specimen, Centrifuged specimen

Stability

Whole blood: Room temperature 24 hours
Whole blood: Refrigerated 72 hours

Buccal swab: Room temperature 7 days

Remarks

One EDTA blood tube containing a minimum 1mL whole blood can be used to perform all molecular genetic tests for Krabbe disease; no need to draw additional EDTA tube for each molecular genetic test. For infants under 4 weeks of age, blood sample from heel- or finger-stick collected in EDTA micro sample tube / microtainer is accepted (a minimum 1mL required). Alternatively, buccal swabs can be accepted for testing. If sending a sample to arrive Friday or Saturday, please call the molecular genetics laboratory at 614-722-5321 to inform.

If you are an external healthcare provider with no access to Nationwide Children’s Epic system, submission of a completed Genetic Test Requisition Form is required. If you are an internal ordering provider with access to Nationwide Children’s Epic system, no requisition form is required; please place the lab order electronically in Epic. Please send available clinical information with the Requisition Form.

 

Clinical Information

This test sequences the entire coding regions of the GALC gene by Sanger sequencing method. This test will be performed as a STAT testing, with expected result turnaround time of 7 days or less. For evaluation of newborns with positive newborn screening for Krabbe disease, it is recommended to concurrently order the GALC common 30-kb deletion detection analysis by PCR (test code: KDGALCCD) along with this test.

Krabbe disease is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder resulting from deficiency of the galactocerebrosidase enzyme encoded by the GALC gene. In almost all patients, deficient galactocerebrosidase enzyme activity (0-5% of normal activity) is seen. About 85-90% of patients with Krabbe disease have infantile-onset form, while the remaining 10-15% of patients has later-onset form of the disease. Infantile-onset (classic) form is characterized by presentation within the first 6 months of life with extreme irritability, spasticity, and developmental delay, and it causes progressive motor and neurologic deterioration and death before age two years. Later onset (late-infantile, juvenile, or adult-onset) forms have less severe disease severity and slower progression. The most common pathogenic variant in the GALC gene seen in patients with Krabbe disease is the 30-kb deletion involving exons 11 through 17, which accounts for about 45% of the pathogenic alleles in European ancestry population and about 35% of the pathogenic alleles in Mexican ancestry population. The majority of remaining pathogenic alleles in the GALC gene are smaller sequence variants detectable by GALC gene sequencing. About 55-65% of patients with Krabbe disease have a pathogenic variant detectable by GALC gene sequencing. 

If results are negative or only one pathogenic variant is detected by GALC 30-kb deletion detection and GALC gene sequencing analyses, then reflex to GALC comprehensive deletion/duplication analysis by MLPA (test code: KDGALCDD) and PSAP gene sequencing (test code: KDPSAPSEQ) can be requested. Rare deletion/duplication in the GALC gene that cannot be detected by the GALC common deletion detection or the GALC gene sequencing analyses have been reported in several patients with Krabbe disease, and pathogenic sequencing variant in both alleles of the PSAP gene has also been reported in a rare case of Krabbe disease. If reflex to GALC comprehensive deletion/duplication analysis by MLPA and/or PSAP gene sequencing are desired, please contact the laboratory or indicate this on the lab order.

Days Performed

Daily

Set Up Schedule

8:00-17:00

Typical Turnaround

1 week

CPT Codes

81406

Lab Area

Institute for Genomic Medicine

Synonyms

  • GALC deficiency, Galactocerebrosidase deficiency, Galactosylceramidase deficiency, Globoid cell leukodystrophy, GALC Sanger sequencing, GALC sequence analysis, GALC full gene sequencing, Krabbe disease, IGM Test

Estimated Patient Price

$1,000 - $2,500

Synonyms

  • GALC deficiency, Galactocerebrosidase deficiency, Galactosylceramidase deficiency, Globoid cell leukodystrophy, GALC Sanger sequencing, GALC sequence analysis, GALC full gene sequencing, Krabbe disease, IGM Test

CPT Codes

81406

Clinical Information

This test sequences the entire coding regions of the GALC gene by Sanger sequencing method. This test will be performed as a STAT testing, with expected result turnaround time of 7 days or less. For evaluation of newborns with positive newborn screening for Krabbe disease, it is recommended to concurrently order the GALC common 30-kb deletion detection analysis by PCR (test code: KDGALCCD) along with this test.

Krabbe disease is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder resulting from deficiency of the galactocerebrosidase enzyme encoded by the GALC gene. In almost all patients, deficient galactocerebrosidase enzyme activity (0-5% of normal activity) is seen. About 85-90% of patients with Krabbe disease have infantile-onset form, while the remaining 10-15% of patients has later-onset form of the disease. Infantile-onset (classic) form is characterized by presentation within the first 6 months of life with extreme irritability, spasticity, and developmental delay, and it causes progressive motor and neurologic deterioration and death before age two years. Later onset (late-infantile, juvenile, or adult-onset) forms have less severe disease severity and slower progression. The most common pathogenic variant in the GALC gene seen in patients with Krabbe disease is the 30-kb deletion involving exons 11 through 17, which accounts for about 45% of the pathogenic alleles in European ancestry population and about 35% of the pathogenic alleles in Mexican ancestry population. The majority of remaining pathogenic alleles in the GALC gene are smaller sequence variants detectable by GALC gene sequencing. About 55-65% of patients with Krabbe disease have a pathogenic variant detectable by GALC gene sequencing. 

If results are negative or only one pathogenic variant is detected by GALC 30-kb deletion detection and GALC gene sequencing analyses, then reflex to GALC comprehensive deletion/duplication analysis by MLPA (test code: KDGALCDD) and PSAP gene sequencing (test code: KDPSAPSEQ) can be requested. Rare deletion/duplication in the GALC gene that cannot be detected by the GALC common deletion detection or the GALC gene sequencing analyses have been reported in several patients with Krabbe disease, and pathogenic sequencing variant in both alleles of the PSAP gene has also been reported in a rare case of Krabbe disease. If reflex to GALC comprehensive deletion/duplication analysis by MLPA and/or PSAP gene sequencing are desired, please contact the laboratory or indicate this on the lab order.

Methodology

Sanger sequencing, Analysis of the entire coding region: Sequence analysis, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA extraction

Outpatient Submit with Specimen

Collect

Specimen Type Type of Container Volume of Specimen Status
Whole blood 4 mL Purple tube (EDTA) 2 mL-4 mL Preferred
Whole blood Microtainer Purple tube (EDTA) 2 mL-4 mL Alternate
Buccal swab  Buccal swab kit 4 swabs Alternate

Minimum Volume

Specimen Type Type of Container Minimum Volume
Whole blood 4 mL Purple tube (EDTA) 1 mL
Whole blood Microtainer Purple tube (EDTA) 1 mL
Buccal swab  Buccal swab kit 2 swabs

Container Image

Inpatient Specimen Preparation

Whole blood: Do not freeze
                      Do not centrifuge
                      Keep at room temperature or refrigerate

Buccal swab: Keep at room temperature

Outpatient Specimen Preparation

Whole blood: Do not freeze
                      Do not centrifuge
                      Keep at room temperature or refrigerate

Buccal swab: Keep at room temperature

 

InLab Processing

STAT Specimen. CPA needs to order SGENSP in Sunquest for Non-EPIC lab order. Send to Molecular Genetics Lab ASAP with all paperwork received. All Molecular Genetic tests for Krabbe Disease can be completed on one EDTA tube (or EDTA microtainer) containing a minimum of 1mL blood. Frozen or centrifuged specimen may be accepted at Molecular Genetics Lab's discretion.

Stability

Whole blood: Room temperature 24 hours
Whole blood: Refrigerated 72 hours

Buccal swab: Room temperature 7 days

Unacceptable Conditions

Clotted specimen, Wrong collection tube, Frozen specimen, Centrifuged specimen

Days Performed

Daily

Set Up Schedule

8:00-17:00

Typical Turnaround

1 week

Remarks

One EDTA blood tube containing a minimum 1mL whole blood can be used to perform all molecular genetic tests for Krabbe disease; no need to draw additional EDTA tube for each molecular genetic test. For infants under 4 weeks of age, blood sample from heel- or finger-stick collected in EDTA micro sample tube / microtainer is accepted (a minimum 1mL required). Alternatively, buccal swabs can be accepted for testing. If sending a sample to arrive Friday or Saturday, please call the molecular genetics laboratory at 614-722-5321 to inform.

If you are an external healthcare provider with no access to Nationwide Children’s Epic system, submission of a completed Genetic Test Requisition Form is required. If you are an internal ordering provider with access to Nationwide Children’s Epic system, no requisition form is required; please place the lab order electronically in Epic. Please send available clinical information with the Requisition Form.

 

Clinical Information

This test sequences the entire coding regions of the GALC gene by Sanger sequencing method. This test will be performed as a STAT testing, with expected result turnaround time of 7 days or less. For evaluation of newborns with positive newborn screening for Krabbe disease, it is recommended to concurrently order the GALC common 30-kb deletion detection analysis by PCR (test code: KDGALCCD) along with this test.

Krabbe disease is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder resulting from deficiency of the galactocerebrosidase enzyme encoded by the GALC gene. In almost all patients, deficient galactocerebrosidase enzyme activity (0-5% of normal activity) is seen. About 85-90% of patients with Krabbe disease have infantile-onset form, while the remaining 10-15% of patients has later-onset form of the disease. Infantile-onset (classic) form is characterized by presentation within the first 6 months of life with extreme irritability, spasticity, and developmental delay, and it causes progressive motor and neurologic deterioration and death before age two years. Later onset (late-infantile, juvenile, or adult-onset) forms have less severe disease severity and slower progression. The most common pathogenic variant in the GALC gene seen in patients with Krabbe disease is the 30-kb deletion involving exons 11 through 17, which accounts for about 45% of the pathogenic alleles in European ancestry population and about 35% of the pathogenic alleles in Mexican ancestry population. The majority of remaining pathogenic alleles in the GALC gene are smaller sequence variants detectable by GALC gene sequencing. About 55-65% of patients with Krabbe disease have a pathogenic variant detectable by GALC gene sequencing. 

If results are negative or only one pathogenic variant is detected by GALC 30-kb deletion detection and GALC gene sequencing analyses, then reflex to GALC comprehensive deletion/duplication analysis by MLPA (test code: KDGALCDD) and PSAP gene sequencing (test code: KDPSAPSEQ) can be requested. Rare deletion/duplication in the GALC gene that cannot be detected by the GALC common deletion detection or the GALC gene sequencing analyses have been reported in several patients with Krabbe disease, and pathogenic sequencing variant in both alleles of the PSAP gene has also been reported in a rare case of Krabbe disease. If reflex to GALC comprehensive deletion/duplication analysis by MLPA and/or PSAP gene sequencing are desired, please contact the laboratory or indicate this on the lab order.

Synonyms

  • GALC deficiency, Galactocerebrosidase deficiency, Galactosylceramidase deficiency, Globoid cell leukodystrophy, GALC Sanger sequencing, GALC sequence analysis, GALC full gene sequencing, Krabbe disease, IGM Test

Methodology

Sanger sequencing, Analysis of the entire coding region: Sequence analysis, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA extraction

CPT Codes

81406

Estimated Patient Price

$1,000 - $2,500

DC Code

5321

Downtime Availability

4-Not available
Outpatient Requirements

Outpatient Submit with Specimen

Collect

Specimen Type Type of Container Volume of Specimen Status
Whole blood 4 mL Purple tube (EDTA) 2 mL-4 mL Preferred
Whole blood Microtainer Purple tube (EDTA) 2 mL-4 mL Alternate
Buccal swab  Buccal swab kit 4 swabs Alternate

Container Image

Outpatient Specimen Preparation

Whole blood: Do not freeze
                      Do not centrifuge
                      Keep at room temperature or refrigerate

Buccal swab: Keep at room temperature

 

Unacceptable Conditions

Clotted specimen, Wrong collection tube, Frozen specimen, Centrifuged specimen

Stability

Whole blood: Room temperature 24 hours
Whole blood: Refrigerated 72 hours

Buccal swab: Room temperature 7 days

Remarks

One EDTA blood tube containing a minimum 1mL whole blood can be used to perform all molecular genetic tests for Krabbe disease; no need to draw additional EDTA tube for each molecular genetic test. For infants under 4 weeks of age, blood sample from heel- or finger-stick collected in EDTA micro sample tube / microtainer is accepted (a minimum 1mL required). Alternatively, buccal swabs can be accepted for testing. If sending a sample to arrive Friday or Saturday, please call the molecular genetics laboratory at 614-722-5321 to inform.

If you are an external healthcare provider with no access to Nationwide Children’s Epic system, submission of a completed Genetic Test Requisition Form is required. If you are an internal ordering provider with access to Nationwide Children’s Epic system, no requisition form is required; please place the lab order electronically in Epic. Please send available clinical information with the Requisition Form.

 

Clinical Information

This test sequences the entire coding regions of the GALC gene by Sanger sequencing method. This test will be performed as a STAT testing, with expected result turnaround time of 7 days or less. For evaluation of newborns with positive newborn screening for Krabbe disease, it is recommended to concurrently order the GALC common 30-kb deletion detection analysis by PCR (test code: KDGALCCD) along with this test.

Krabbe disease is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder resulting from deficiency of the galactocerebrosidase enzyme encoded by the GALC gene. In almost all patients, deficient galactocerebrosidase enzyme activity (0-5% of normal activity) is seen. About 85-90% of patients with Krabbe disease have infantile-onset form, while the remaining 10-15% of patients has later-onset form of the disease. Infantile-onset (classic) form is characterized by presentation within the first 6 months of life with extreme irritability, spasticity, and developmental delay, and it causes progressive motor and neurologic deterioration and death before age two years. Later onset (late-infantile, juvenile, or adult-onset) forms have less severe disease severity and slower progression. The most common pathogenic variant in the GALC gene seen in patients with Krabbe disease is the 30-kb deletion involving exons 11 through 17, which accounts for about 45% of the pathogenic alleles in European ancestry population and about 35% of the pathogenic alleles in Mexican ancestry population. The majority of remaining pathogenic alleles in the GALC gene are smaller sequence variants detectable by GALC gene sequencing. About 55-65% of patients with Krabbe disease have a pathogenic variant detectable by GALC gene sequencing. 

If results are negative or only one pathogenic variant is detected by GALC 30-kb deletion detection and GALC gene sequencing analyses, then reflex to GALC comprehensive deletion/duplication analysis by MLPA (test code: KDGALCDD) and PSAP gene sequencing (test code: KDPSAPSEQ) can be requested. Rare deletion/duplication in the GALC gene that cannot be detected by the GALC common deletion detection or the GALC gene sequencing analyses have been reported in several patients with Krabbe disease, and pathogenic sequencing variant in both alleles of the PSAP gene has also been reported in a rare case of Krabbe disease. If reflex to GALC comprehensive deletion/duplication analysis by MLPA and/or PSAP gene sequencing are desired, please contact the laboratory or indicate this on the lab order.

Days Performed

Daily

Set Up Schedule

8:00-17:00

Typical Turnaround

1 week

Lab Area

Institute for Genomic Medicine

Methodology

Sanger sequencing, Analysis of the entire coding region: Sequence analysis, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA extraction

CPT Codes

81406

Synonyms

  • GALC deficiency, Galactocerebrosidase deficiency, Galactosylceramidase deficiency, Globoid cell leukodystrophy, GALC Sanger sequencing, GALC sequence analysis, GALC full gene sequencing, Krabbe disease, IGM Test
Inpatient Requirements

Collect

Specimen Type Type of Container Volume of Specimen Status
Whole blood 4 mL Purple tube (EDTA) 2 mL-4 mL Preferred
Whole blood Microtainer Purple tube (EDTA) 2 mL-4 mL Alternate
Buccal swab  Buccal swab kit 4 swabs Alternate

Minimum Volume

Specimen Type Type of Container Minimum Volume
Whole blood 4 mL Purple tube (EDTA) 1 mL
Whole blood Microtainer Purple tube (EDTA) 1 mL
Buccal swab  Buccal swab kit 2 swabs

Container Image

Inpatient Specimen Preparation

Whole blood: Do not freeze
                      Do not centrifuge
                      Keep at room temperature or refrigerate

Buccal swab: Keep at room temperature

Unacceptable Conditions

Clotted specimen, Wrong collection tube, Frozen specimen, Centrifuged specimen

Stability

Whole blood: Room temperature 24 hours
Whole blood: Refrigerated 72 hours

Buccal swab: Room temperature 7 days

Remarks

One EDTA blood tube containing a minimum 1mL whole blood can be used to perform all molecular genetic tests for Krabbe disease; no need to draw additional EDTA tube for each molecular genetic test. For infants under 4 weeks of age, blood sample from heel- or finger-stick collected in EDTA micro sample tube / microtainer is accepted (a minimum 1mL required). Alternatively, buccal swabs can be accepted for testing. If sending a sample to arrive Friday or Saturday, please call the molecular genetics laboratory at 614-722-5321 to inform.

If you are an external healthcare provider with no access to Nationwide Children’s Epic system, submission of a completed Genetic Test Requisition Form is required. If you are an internal ordering provider with access to Nationwide Children’s Epic system, no requisition form is required; please place the lab order electronically in Epic. Please send available clinical information with the Requisition Form.

 

Clinical Information

This test sequences the entire coding regions of the GALC gene by Sanger sequencing method. This test will be performed as a STAT testing, with expected result turnaround time of 7 days or less. For evaluation of newborns with positive newborn screening for Krabbe disease, it is recommended to concurrently order the GALC common 30-kb deletion detection analysis by PCR (test code: KDGALCCD) along with this test.

Krabbe disease is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder resulting from deficiency of the galactocerebrosidase enzyme encoded by the GALC gene. In almost all patients, deficient galactocerebrosidase enzyme activity (0-5% of normal activity) is seen. About 85-90% of patients with Krabbe disease have infantile-onset form, while the remaining 10-15% of patients has later-onset form of the disease. Infantile-onset (classic) form is characterized by presentation within the first 6 months of life with extreme irritability, spasticity, and developmental delay, and it causes progressive motor and neurologic deterioration and death before age two years. Later onset (late-infantile, juvenile, or adult-onset) forms have less severe disease severity and slower progression. The most common pathogenic variant in the GALC gene seen in patients with Krabbe disease is the 30-kb deletion involving exons 11 through 17, which accounts for about 45% of the pathogenic alleles in European ancestry population and about 35% of the pathogenic alleles in Mexican ancestry population. The majority of remaining pathogenic alleles in the GALC gene are smaller sequence variants detectable by GALC gene sequencing. About 55-65% of patients with Krabbe disease have a pathogenic variant detectable by GALC gene sequencing. 

If results are negative or only one pathogenic variant is detected by GALC 30-kb deletion detection and GALC gene sequencing analyses, then reflex to GALC comprehensive deletion/duplication analysis by MLPA (test code: KDGALCDD) and PSAP gene sequencing (test code: KDPSAPSEQ) can be requested. Rare deletion/duplication in the GALC gene that cannot be detected by the GALC common deletion detection or the GALC gene sequencing analyses have been reported in several patients with Krabbe disease, and pathogenic sequencing variant in both alleles of the PSAP gene has also been reported in a rare case of Krabbe disease. If reflex to GALC comprehensive deletion/duplication analysis by MLPA and/or PSAP gene sequencing are desired, please contact the laboratory or indicate this on the lab order.

Days Performed

Daily

Set Up Schedule

8:00-17:00

Typical Turnaround

1 week

CPT Codes

81406

Lab Area

Institute for Genomic Medicine

Synonyms

  • GALC deficiency, Galactocerebrosidase deficiency, Galactosylceramidase deficiency, Globoid cell leukodystrophy, GALC Sanger sequencing, GALC sequence analysis, GALC full gene sequencing, Krabbe disease, IGM Test

Estimated Patient Price

$1,000 - $2,500
Overview/Billing

Synonyms

  • GALC deficiency, Galactocerebrosidase deficiency, Galactosylceramidase deficiency, Globoid cell leukodystrophy, GALC Sanger sequencing, GALC sequence analysis, GALC full gene sequencing, Krabbe disease, IGM Test

CPT Codes

81406
Interpretation

Clinical Information

This test sequences the entire coding regions of the GALC gene by Sanger sequencing method. This test will be performed as a STAT testing, with expected result turnaround time of 7 days or less. For evaluation of newborns with positive newborn screening for Krabbe disease, it is recommended to concurrently order the GALC common 30-kb deletion detection analysis by PCR (test code: KDGALCCD) along with this test.

Krabbe disease is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder resulting from deficiency of the galactocerebrosidase enzyme encoded by the GALC gene. In almost all patients, deficient galactocerebrosidase enzyme activity (0-5% of normal activity) is seen. About 85-90% of patients with Krabbe disease have infantile-onset form, while the remaining 10-15% of patients has later-onset form of the disease. Infantile-onset (classic) form is characterized by presentation within the first 6 months of life with extreme irritability, spasticity, and developmental delay, and it causes progressive motor and neurologic deterioration and death before age two years. Later onset (late-infantile, juvenile, or adult-onset) forms have less severe disease severity and slower progression. The most common pathogenic variant in the GALC gene seen in patients with Krabbe disease is the 30-kb deletion involving exons 11 through 17, which accounts for about 45% of the pathogenic alleles in European ancestry population and about 35% of the pathogenic alleles in Mexican ancestry population. The majority of remaining pathogenic alleles in the GALC gene are smaller sequence variants detectable by GALC gene sequencing. About 55-65% of patients with Krabbe disease have a pathogenic variant detectable by GALC gene sequencing. 

If results are negative or only one pathogenic variant is detected by GALC 30-kb deletion detection and GALC gene sequencing analyses, then reflex to GALC comprehensive deletion/duplication analysis by MLPA (test code: KDGALCDD) and PSAP gene sequencing (test code: KDPSAPSEQ) can be requested. Rare deletion/duplication in the GALC gene that cannot be detected by the GALC common deletion detection or the GALC gene sequencing analyses have been reported in several patients with Krabbe disease, and pathogenic sequencing variant in both alleles of the PSAP gene has also been reported in a rare case of Krabbe disease. If reflex to GALC comprehensive deletion/duplication analysis by MLPA and/or PSAP gene sequencing are desired, please contact the laboratory or indicate this on the lab order.

Methodology

Sanger sequencing, Analysis of the entire coding region: Sequence analysis, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA extraction
NCH Lab Only

Outpatient Submit with Specimen

Collect

Specimen Type Type of Container Volume of Specimen Status
Whole blood 4 mL Purple tube (EDTA) 2 mL-4 mL Preferred
Whole blood Microtainer Purple tube (EDTA) 2 mL-4 mL Alternate
Buccal swab  Buccal swab kit 4 swabs Alternate

Minimum Volume

Specimen Type Type of Container Minimum Volume
Whole blood 4 mL Purple tube (EDTA) 1 mL
Whole blood Microtainer Purple tube (EDTA) 1 mL
Buccal swab  Buccal swab kit 2 swabs

Container Image

Inpatient Specimen Preparation

Whole blood: Do not freeze
                      Do not centrifuge
                      Keep at room temperature or refrigerate

Buccal swab: Keep at room temperature

Outpatient Specimen Preparation

Whole blood: Do not freeze
                      Do not centrifuge
                      Keep at room temperature or refrigerate

Buccal swab: Keep at room temperature

 

InLab Processing

STAT Specimen. CPA needs to order SGENSP in Sunquest for Non-EPIC lab order. Send to Molecular Genetics Lab ASAP with all paperwork received. All Molecular Genetic tests for Krabbe Disease can be completed on one EDTA tube (or EDTA microtainer) containing a minimum of 1mL blood. Frozen or centrifuged specimen may be accepted at Molecular Genetics Lab's discretion.

Stability

Whole blood: Room temperature 24 hours
Whole blood: Refrigerated 72 hours

Buccal swab: Room temperature 7 days

Unacceptable Conditions

Clotted specimen, Wrong collection tube, Frozen specimen, Centrifuged specimen

Days Performed

Daily

Set Up Schedule

8:00-17:00

Typical Turnaround

1 week

Remarks

One EDTA blood tube containing a minimum 1mL whole blood can be used to perform all molecular genetic tests for Krabbe disease; no need to draw additional EDTA tube for each molecular genetic test. For infants under 4 weeks of age, blood sample from heel- or finger-stick collected in EDTA micro sample tube / microtainer is accepted (a minimum 1mL required). Alternatively, buccal swabs can be accepted for testing. If sending a sample to arrive Friday or Saturday, please call the molecular genetics laboratory at 614-722-5321 to inform.

If you are an external healthcare provider with no access to Nationwide Children’s Epic system, submission of a completed Genetic Test Requisition Form is required. If you are an internal ordering provider with access to Nationwide Children’s Epic system, no requisition form is required; please place the lab order electronically in Epic. Please send available clinical information with the Requisition Form.

 

Clinical Information

This test sequences the entire coding regions of the GALC gene by Sanger sequencing method. This test will be performed as a STAT testing, with expected result turnaround time of 7 days or less. For evaluation of newborns with positive newborn screening for Krabbe disease, it is recommended to concurrently order the GALC common 30-kb deletion detection analysis by PCR (test code: KDGALCCD) along with this test.

Krabbe disease is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder resulting from deficiency of the galactocerebrosidase enzyme encoded by the GALC gene. In almost all patients, deficient galactocerebrosidase enzyme activity (0-5% of normal activity) is seen. About 85-90% of patients with Krabbe disease have infantile-onset form, while the remaining 10-15% of patients has later-onset form of the disease. Infantile-onset (classic) form is characterized by presentation within the first 6 months of life with extreme irritability, spasticity, and developmental delay, and it causes progressive motor and neurologic deterioration and death before age two years. Later onset (late-infantile, juvenile, or adult-onset) forms have less severe disease severity and slower progression. The most common pathogenic variant in the GALC gene seen in patients with Krabbe disease is the 30-kb deletion involving exons 11 through 17, which accounts for about 45% of the pathogenic alleles in European ancestry population and about 35% of the pathogenic alleles in Mexican ancestry population. The majority of remaining pathogenic alleles in the GALC gene are smaller sequence variants detectable by GALC gene sequencing. About 55-65% of patients with Krabbe disease have a pathogenic variant detectable by GALC gene sequencing. 

If results are negative or only one pathogenic variant is detected by GALC 30-kb deletion detection and GALC gene sequencing analyses, then reflex to GALC comprehensive deletion/duplication analysis by MLPA (test code: KDGALCDD) and PSAP gene sequencing (test code: KDPSAPSEQ) can be requested. Rare deletion/duplication in the GALC gene that cannot be detected by the GALC common deletion detection or the GALC gene sequencing analyses have been reported in several patients with Krabbe disease, and pathogenic sequencing variant in both alleles of the PSAP gene has also been reported in a rare case of Krabbe disease. If reflex to GALC comprehensive deletion/duplication analysis by MLPA and/or PSAP gene sequencing are desired, please contact the laboratory or indicate this on the lab order.

Synonyms

  • GALC deficiency, Galactocerebrosidase deficiency, Galactosylceramidase deficiency, Globoid cell leukodystrophy, GALC Sanger sequencing, GALC sequence analysis, GALC full gene sequencing, Krabbe disease, IGM Test

Methodology

Sanger sequencing, Analysis of the entire coding region: Sequence analysis, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA extraction

CPT Codes

81406

Estimated Patient Price

$1,000 - $2,500

DC Code

5321

Downtime Availability

4-Not available

Lab Area

Lab Area
Institute for Genomic Medicine